I am studying the causes and influences of heterogeneous energy supply in cell and evolutionary biology, capturing the dependence of life's essential process on ATP. My research uses models and simulation to explore how ATP variability arises within and between cells,  population dynamics, and the evolution of co-operation and competition.

Doctoral thesis (PhD)

• Rajneesh Kumar (2025). Mathematical modelling of ATP dynamics and decision-making processes in biological systems. (external link)

Conference poster

• Rajneesh Kumar; Iain George Johnston (2023). Population Dynamics in Response to Environmental Stimuli. (external link)
• Rajneesh Kumar; Iain George Johnston (2023). Stochastic and Deterministic Computation in the regulation of Decision – Making Genetic circuits by Energy Availability.. (external link)

Academic article

• Rajneesh Kumar; Iain Johnston (2025). Estimating physical conditions supporting gradients of ATP concentration in the eukaryotic cell. (external link)
• Rajneesh Kumar; Iain Johnston (2024). ATP dependence of decision-making capacity in a fine-grained model of gene regulatory networks. (external link)

See a complete overview of publications in NVA.